There are 8-10 corporate owners of most major bourbons, and within each of those, there are often more than one distillery, and each distillery may produce several different whiskeys. For example, Beam Inc has Jim Beam and Maker's Mark distilleries. Maker's Mark has only 2 bourbons, Makers Mark and Maker's 46. Jim Beam has several whiskeys, some of which are bourbons, like Basil Hayden's, Knob Creek, and of course Jim Beam.
GQ published an article and excellent chart about this. From each distillery, you can see different branches, depending on the type of mash used:
The chart points to some interesting things. For instance:
... one would hardly imagine that the Blanton’s Distilling Company, W. L.
Weller and Sons, and the Old Rip Van Winkle Distillery are all fanciful
names for the same distillery, Buffalo Trace, that distills 60,000
gallons of mash into bulk spirit in a continuous still. While the four
mash bills contribute to the flavor, the more significant
differentiation among brands is done in the warehouse, where the type of
construction, placement within the warehouse, and duration of aging
have a stronger impact on the finished spirit.
Full GQ article
here.